Thanks, Perspycacious! Therefore, Joel is saying that just like a consumer eats what an infestation of lickers leaves behind, and an infestation of lickers eats what many gnawers leaves behind, if Judah doesn’t repent, they will be subject to defeats and conquests of increasing magnitude until they are consumed completely and entirely defeated. The prophet Joel, son of Pethuel, is the author of the book of Joel. If so, this is a reference to Messiah. 23:15-22). A locust plague would be a terrible, frightening occurrence. Joel Chapter 2 appears to focus more on the application of this prophecy to the last days. Verse fourteen calls for a fast and a solemn assembly. Some scholars have referred to Joel as a cult prophet, one who carries out his ministry in the temple and uses liturgical forms. This is used to identify particular browsers or devices when the access the service, and is used for security reasons. In verse six, the idiom, “all faces shall gather blackness,” means all will be gloom as these events unfold. Rain will once again fall on the land; a Teacher of Righteousness (the Messiah) will accompany the prosperity. On that day, God will act to bring justice to the world. But there are some changes in his message. God does respond favorably to those who call for help from the depths of their despair. (Pethuel means vision, youthfulness or sincerity of God.) All this points to a period between 400 and 350 B.C.E. This service allows you to sign up for or associate a Google AdSense account with HubPages, so that you can earn money from ads on your articles. When scholars try to understand what kind of a prophet Joel was, they look for clues for what happened to the office of the prophet in the days after the exile when some of the people returned to Jerusalem to rebuild the temple. to the OT Prophets, p. 154), 3. Clothing made of sackcloth was very uncomfortable and was worn in time of repentance and mourning familial deaths and national tragedies. This is used to provide data on traffic to our website, all personally identifyable data is anonymized. This also suggests that one of the conquerors of Judah would be Assyria, as the lion was a symbol of Assyrian power. This may also help explain the prominence of the priests. This is used to display charts and graphs on articles and the author center. This was directed to the people in the Kingdom of Judah, before the destruction of Jerusalem, as well as to the people in our day, before the last day and second coming of the Lord, Jesus Christ. I'm glad you enjoyed it. Israel will be restored in that great day, and all nations will be summoned for judgment (3:1-2; cf. Sac. This judgment would take the form of an invading army (2:1-11) and devastating signs in the heavens (2:10, 30-31) followed by divine judgment in the nations (3:2, 12-16) and blessing for Israel (3:16-21). The invader from the North--calling for repentance, 1. Sometimes, it is appropriate to repent if persons have brought their trouble on themselves by their own behavior. • Natural disasters as messages from God. No data is shared with Facebook unless you engage with this feature. No mention is made of the later Assyrians and Babylonians. Israel's enemies will be punished (3:19), but Judah will be inhabited forever, a forgiven people (3:20-21). God is at work in the world, there are consequences to human behavior, lament and repentance are appropriate responses to disaster, and hope is always the last word. Joel 3:16 is quoted in Amos 1:2; Joel 3:18 is quoted in Amos 9:13; and Joel 1:15 is quoted word for word in Isaiah 13:6 (E. B. Pusey, The Minor Prophets, 2 vols., 1:143-46). This invading army from the North will be driven out, part into the Dead Sea and part into the Mediterranean Sea, resulting in their total destruction (2:20). First, it applied to the day of Pentecost, which was completely fulfilled in Acts 2. The invasion is from the North (2:20), but locusts always come from the South (Pusey, Minor Prophets p. 150). Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. This fact was made obvious years, later after Jehoiada died, when the people turned again to the worship of Baal. 4 in Heb.). This second interpretation is also back by the belief that eventually, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints will be the vessel through which the Jews are restored to the knowledge of their Savior as discussed in the verses prior to 28 in Joel Chapter 2. There is no reference to death, plunder, or the destruction of cities and the taking of captives, like human armies do, 4. Verse 28, which discusses an outpouring of the Spirit of the Lord is quoted in Acts 2:17-21 as having been fulfilled on the day of Pentecost after the Savior’s resurrection and ascension. The first part of Joel seems to be preoccupied with a very real, historical, tragic event. This phrase suggests that while verses 8-20 had a direct application following Joel’s day, they will have a second application before Jesus comes again. Therefore, now is the time for repentance (2:12- 17). It links the Hebrew Bible with the experience of those first Christians. 6:12) of the prophecy will come to pass. The major theme in the Book of Joel is the need to repent to avoid destruction at the coming day of the Lord. Joel was familiar with the temple, so he must be dated after its restoration. B. to OT Prophets, p. 153). But, as is true of other prophets, Joel does remind us of a number of important points. The phrase, “day of the Lord,” is used in verse 15 of chapter 1 and is often associated with the time just before the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. I hope you check out my hubs on the other minor prophets as well! Yahweh is sovereign and will use this army to accomplish His awesome purpose (2:11). There are a dozen persons named Joel in the Old Testament, and none seems to be the one who is responsible for this book. The writer of Acts uses this passage to interpret the experience of people speaking and understanding many different languages. A Russian Icon of Joel created between 1700 and 1725 AD. In that day the shout of worship will resound through the whole earth, "Yahweh dwells in Zion! The context clearly calls for Messiah's presence (2:26-27 and 2:32-3:2). The second reference, however, refers to the experiential benefits or blessings that would follow national repentance. Or, as in the case of Joel, terrible things have already happened, probably as the result of human sin. The land was not productive (1:8-10); rather, drought conditions prevailed (1:11-12). The world has many flaws, the wicked prosper while the innocent suffer, the bad guys often win the wars, and death hangs over the head of everyone. ", Related Topics: Introductions, Arguments, Outlines, Tom R. Hawkins, has both a ThM (1969) and PhD (1995) from Dallas Theological Seminary. Verse thirteen tells the people to put on sackcloth, a coarse material made of animal hair that was used to remind the people of great tragedy. They will be gathered and retribution will come to her enemies in the Valley of Jehoshaphat. Joel also is important for giving us a glimpse of early end-time speculation that will be expanded further in other biblical books. It states the need to mourn the impending destruction of the temple in verses 8-12 and 15-20 and the solution in 13-14. In other words, they would be conquered and lose their wealth, so they would stop living in wickedness. In support of the view that the locusts are a figure of a future invasion are the following considerations: 1. Joel takes this as a sign that people should lament and repent. So, when verse 19 says that, “Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness,” this tells us that the enemies of Jerusalem will not stand the final battles. In support of the literal view Freeman suggests the following arguments: 1. The priests were urged to lead the nation (1:13) in fasting and calling the elders of the people to repentance and supplication to Yahweh (1:14). This prophecy can also be applied to our day and the time before the great Battle of Armageddon, when armies from the north with gather and fight before Christ’s millennial reign. The riches of the Kingdom of Judah are compared with the vine that supplies the grapes for wine. 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