In dogs and cats lean body mass do not appear to influence serum SDMA levels. This makes it a more reliable tool for diagnosis of CKD (chronic kidney disease). SDMA or Symmetric dimethylarginine is a biomarker and amino acid arginine that contains two methyl groups in a symmetrical orientation which is excreted by kidneys. All the research I’ve seen on the use of SDMA in dogs and cats (including the study referenced above) has been sponsored, at least in part, by IDEXX. Acute Renal (Kidney) Failure (ARF) in Dogs, ©Copyright 1999 - 2021. Treatment can be initiated and can be monitored easily with regular tests. Stable over a year at -20°C or -80°C and for two weeks at 4°C. SDMA has 91% specificity and 100% sensitivity for kidney disease in dogs and cats. It is more specific and less affected by other body conditions with weight and muscle loss, advanced age and disease state. 2014. On average, SDMA detected kidney disease when only 40% of function had been lost and, in some cases, 25% of function. 1992;14(2):127153.– 2. Comparison of serum concentrations of symmetric dimethylarginine and creatinine as kidney function biomarkers in healthy geriatric cats fed reduced protein foods enriched with fish oil, L-carnitine, and medium-chain triglycerides. 1 in 10 dogs. Both in cats and dogs, it is stable for one week at room temperature. In research it has shown in one animal 4 years early detection of the kidney problem. On average, SDMA detected kidney disease when only 40% of function had been lost and, in some cases, 25% of function. Kidney failure, often referred to as renal failure, is a common medical condition in dogs. eCollection 2018. Even better, 2 in 5 veterinarians in the U.S. are already including IDEXX SDMA in their routine testing, almost always at no added cost. The aims of the study were to evaluate SDMA in dogs with acute pancreatitis (AP) and its relationship with the presence of kidney injury and mortality. SDMA or Symmetric dimethylarginine is a biomarker and amino acid arginine that contains two methyl groups in a symmetrical orientation which is excreted by kidneys. Read our privacy policy for more info. What is SDMA? More information can be found in the PetPlace.com library in these articles: Chronic Renal (Kidney) Failure (CRF) in Dogs and Acute Renal (Kidney) Failure (ARF) in Dogs. All Rights Reserved, Chronic Renal (Kidney) Failure (CRF) in Dogs, Acute Renal (Kidney) Failure (ARF) in Dogs. Dogs will tend to show these signs earlier than cats. In dogs, chronic kidney disease is associated with aging, and in simple terms can be considered to be the 'wearing out' of the kidney tissues. Relford, R. et al. Effects of prolonged oral supplementation with L-arginine on blood pressure and nitric oxide synthesis in preeclampsia. Both primary kidney disease Approximately 26% of cats have an increased SDMA. The SDMA concentrations were higher in the hypothyroid dogs at T0 in comparison with the healthy dogs. It will be included with standard blood chemistry tests. 3. Approximately 26% of cats have an increased SDMA. 1. and . Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is considered an important biomarker of kidney dysfunction. Monitoring during rehydration therapy for patients with elevated BUN and creatinine In AKI dogs, SDMA and creatinine were positively correlated (p = 0.006 r = 0.7). It can diagnose kidney disease in dogs and cats months or years earlier than the standard screening technologies (blood chemistry parameters, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urine specific gravity). Dogs: 0-14 µg/dL. Serum SDMA reference levels in puppies have been determined slightly higher than the adult. 2005. Serum SDMA helps in the prediction of the impact of the hyperthyroidism treatment on kidney function test in cats and helps in identifying which cat will become azotemic after treatment. What Does SMDA Blood Test Reveal in Dogs? Chronic Renal (Kidney) Failure (CRF) in Dogs 2015;29(4):1036–1044. The IHC Group. SDMA is een gevoelige indicator voor de nierfunctie, die nierfunctieverlies al vanaf 25% detecteert. Why SDMA is recommended for dogs or cats? For now, we’ll have to take their word on that. On average, SDMA has been shown to detect kidney disease when only 40 percent of kidney function has been lost and, in dogs, an average of 9.5 months earlier than traditional blood tests. It can also be affected by decreased muscle mass, dehydration, Addisonâs disease, low blood pressure or other causes of decreased cardiac function, and muscle trauma or inflammation. This blood test is called the SDMA (symmetric dimethylarginine assay). Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. When SDMA result is 15–19 µg/dL† NO The IDEXX SDMA™ Test is more reliable than creatinine. Prevalence increases with age. Cats and dogs having borderline increase in serum SDMA and creatinine concentration should be tested again after two weeks of initial screening and every three months to assess the renal function performance and stability. Diagnosing chronic kidney disease in dogs Here you can find authentic information on veterinary medicines, vaccines, supplements, and much more. An increased SDMA indicates decreased kidney function, which can occur as a result of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or both. Serum or heparinized plasma can be used for the performing test. 6. Creatinine can be increased in case of muscular dogs and postprandially though having normal kidney function. 2016 Nov;46(6):941-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2016.06.010. Serum SDMA concentration increases in the case of decreased kidney function. Chronic kidney disease is a major cause of mortality in dogs and cats. Approximately 11% of dogs have an increased SDMA. In dogs kidney disease causes increased levels 9.5 months earlier in SDMA than in creatinine. Conclusions and clinical importance: Early diagnosis and treatment can slow the progression and improve patient quality of life. August 2015 – New SDMA blood test helps identify Kidney disease in pets earlier than ever before! There are many causes of renal failure and decreased kidney function over time (also known as chronic kidney disease or CKD). This article will explain what we can learn from SDMA monitoring and how this test is run. An elevated SDMA concentration is a reflection of impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Kidney disease is common, with 1 in 3 cats 8 and 1 in 10 dogs 9 developing some form of kidney disease over their lifetimes. SDMA is derived from intranuclear methylation of L-arginine by protein-arginine methyltransferases; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO CKD. A complete history, blood profile including CBC, serum electrolyte profile with kidney function parameters, urine analysis (including urine protein creatinine ratio and specific gravity), physical examination and radiodiagnosis/ultrasound is helpful in the complete evaluation of kidney health. Monitoring response to therapy for renal disease over time. Prevalence increases with age. Other tests should also be performed to ensure potential renal disease and associated complications. PLoS One. SDMA is not influenced by muscle mass which is a major advantage over serum creatinine. It can be due to acute kidney injury (AKI) or chornic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs and cats. 1. A cohort study including fifty-four dogs with AP diagnosed using compatible clinical and laboratory parameters, abnormal SNAP … CKD dogs were compared with healthy control dogs (n = 20). It has shown that in humans dietary arginine has no effect on serum SDMA concentrations so it remains unaffected with diet. The IDEXX SDMA Test: Diagnose kidney disease in dogs and cats earlier. A. et al. 2015. The exact cause of high reference level can’t be explained in puppies but physiological roles for protein arginine methylation, protein translocation, DNA repair, mRNA splicing, transcriptional control, signal transduction are postulated to be a reason of an increase in SDMA levels. In aging dogs, their muscle mass will decrease and can cause the creatinine to be lowered and difficult to interpret. In time, at least . SDMA level normalizes as the puppy reaches adulthood. Early diagnosis of CKD helps in the investigation of the cause of kidney disease and management. Chronic kidney disease is a common progressive condition in dogs. Required fields are marked *. Your email address will not be published. Approximately 11% of dogs have an increased SDMA. 7. If you remember from above, creatinine does not increase until 75% of this function is lost. The first clinical study in veterinary patients was published in 2008 for SDMA levels associated with CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) in cats. Besides early detection, SDMA also has the benefit that it is not affected by lean muscle mass. Comparative performance of IDEXX SDMA Test and the DLD SDMA ELISA for the measurement of SDMA in canine and feline serum. Although there was overlap of the SDMA/creatinine ratio in dogs with AKI or CKD, it was significantly higher in dogs with CKD compared to dogs with AKI (P =.0004). 5,6 How these early retrospective studies undertaken in colonies of cats and dogs translate to the general practice populations of dogs … SDMA is a product of arginine methylation and is mainly excreted by the kidneys [ 20 ]. At early stages kidney disease has no visible signs and cats actually can hide disease even at advance stage so pets suffering from kidney disease may appear normal. Nabity MB, Lees GE, Boggess M, et al. All the research I’ve seen on the use of SDMA in dogs and cats (including the study referenced above) has been sponsored, at least in part, by IDEXX. SDMA is an exciting new test that will allow your veterinarian to monitor changes in values over time to help evaluate response to therapy/treatment, monitor progression of renal disease, decide when additional treatments should be added, and identify sudden worsening in your dogâs chronic kidney disease. Prognostic value of symmetric dimethylarginine to creatinine ratio in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease. “SDMA is very sensitive and specific in cats. SDMA is made as the body processes protein. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. Future insult to the kidneys can be avoided by taking precautions if diagnosed early. Prevalence increases with age. Prevalence increases with age. Conditions like infections, obstruction, exposure to nephrotoxic drugs can be treated at early stage and assessment of hydration status, blood pressure and thyroid status cab be made. Hall, J. SDMA is also not affected by some factors that can alter lab machinesâ ability to read certain values like lipemia, hemolysis or icterus. The SDMA value will start to increase when the kidneys have lost 40% of their filtering ability. It is less affected by dehydration than BUN, another value on bloodwork that is used to monitor kidney function. ‡ To see the proof and a complete list of references, visit idexx.eu/sdma. Epub 2016 Aug 5. DOGS: If serum or plasma SDMA is persistently >18 µg/dl in a dog whose creatinine is <1.4 mg/dl (IRIS CKD stage 1 based on creatinine), this canine patient should be staged and treated as an IRIS CKD Stage 2 patient. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It does not appear to be absorbed in the renal tubules of influenced by many non-renal factors. Your email address will not be published. Creatinine does not increase on bloodwork until 75% of renal function is lost. It gives more accurate and reliable value of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than creatinine in dogs and cats. … Feline renal failure: questions, answers, questions. This test can detect reduced kidney function when creatinine, BUN (Urea), and urine specific gravity are all still normal. Vet J 2014; 202:588-596. What is considered a normal SDMA range? Creatinine is complementary to SDMA for the evaluation of kidney health. This website is vet authored and contains reviewed information from the best available and trusted resources. For this reason, SDMA may help the clinicians to recognize the presence of an early kidney injury in non-azotemic dogs … Approximately 1 in 3 cats and 1 in 10 dogs will eventually develop kidney disease. It is mainly during the rapid growth phase (rapidly growing puppies up to 14-16 µg/dL) and can be determined again as the growth phase slows down. 2018. Methods: Retrospective study, whereby serum Cr concentrations were determined by enzymatic colorimetry and serum SDMA concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in dogs with necropsy confirmed CKD. SDMA Test and Early Kidney Insufficiency IDEXX Laboratories introduced a new test, the SDMA, for detecting loss of kidney function in 2015. SDMA is a more reliable indicator of kidney function in animals. ANIMALS: Twenty apparently healthy adult dogs owned by clients or staff at a veterinary teaching hospital. SDMA was first identified in human urine in the year 1970. Symmetric Dimethylarginine: Improving the Diagnosis and Staging of Chronic Kidney Disease in Small Animals. Copyright © 2021 | The Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Universities and their constituent colleges in India – Comprehensive List. This biomarker will show elevated levels 17 months earlier than could be seen with creatinine,” says Dr. Rubin. High SDMA concentrations always do not mean renal dysfunction or the renal dysfunction was transient. 6. Diet . It is excreted from the bloodstream through the kidneys, if the kidneys arenât able to filter as well as they should (like in chronic kidney disease or renal failure) the SDMA will increase in the blood. Early Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease in Dogs & Cats: Use of Serum Creatinine & Symmetric Dimethylarginine SDMA CONCENTRATION. Toy breeds attain adulthood earlier than giant breeds. Median SDMA/creatinine ratio in dogs with AKI and CKD was 6.5 (1.7-20.9) and 10 (2.4-33.9) (P =.0004), respectively. If serum or plasma SDMA is persistently >35 µg/dl in a … Any increase in SDMA concentration above the reference interval (greater than 14 µg/dL in cats and adult dogs; greater than 16µg/dL in puppies) is considered meaningful. Symmetric dimethylarginine assay validation, stability, and evaluation as a marker for early detection of chronic kidney disease in dogs. The adult range can be used in kittens. Blood was collected from each dog on 9 occasions, and SDMA and sCr were measured in duplicate using commercially available assays. SDMA reference range in kittens and adult cats is almost similar. Often pets resist being held still for the blood draw as much or more than the actual collection itself! For now, we’ll have to take their word on that. 2016. In fact about one out of ten senior dogs will have some form of kidney disease over their lifetime while it is 1 out of 3 in senior feline patients over age 15. Test kits also available form bionote in the name of Vcheck SDMA for feline and canine SDMA while IDEXX SDMA kits are the first choice worldwide. Yeramilli, M. et al. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet. The risk of disease increases with age, especially in cats. 1,2; SDMA is betrouwbaarder dan kreatinine als biomarker voor de nierfunctie, omdat SDMA niet wordt beïnvloed door extrarenale factoren. And unlike creatinine, SDMA is not impacted by muscle mass.‡ *Symmetric dimethylarginine. Lulich JP, Osborne CA, O'Brien TD, Polzin DJ. In dogs with kidney disease, a SDMA/creatinine ratio (μg/mg) was calculated by dividing the SDMA concentration (μg/dL) by the creatinine concentration (mg/dL). Available at IDEXX reference laboratories and on Catalyst chemistry analysers It is excreted from the bloodstream through the kidneys, if the kidneys aren’t able to filter as well as they should (like in chronic kidney disease or … METHODS: Prospective, observational study. In longitudinal studies of dogs and cats that developed CKD, SDMA concentrations increased above normal a mean of 9 and 17 months prior to persistent elevations in sCr concentration (> 1.8 mg/dl in dogs and > 2.1 mg/dl in cats, respectively). It helps in the early detection of the kidney disease in dogs and cats. Creatinine is not useful in diagnosing kidney health until almost 75% or kidney function is lost but SDMA does it as early as 25% both in chronic and acute kidney injury. The age of onset is often related to the size of the dog. SDMA has been shown to increase earlier than creatinine in dogs and cats with CKD1,2,3, and unlike creatinine, SDMA is not impacted by lean muscle mass.9,10 Therefore, it is not surprising that especially in thin older animals with CKD, their creatinine can be normal; without As with people, the pain experienced from a needle will vary from dog to dog. Sources. J Vet Intern Med . Brown SA. Often one of the earliest signs will be increased urination (polyuria) and increased thirst (polydipsia). An early indicator of renal disease in patients with otherwise normal kidney values (BUN and creatinine) Download: IDEXX SDMA Test algorithm. > 1.040 more likely to have prerenal azotemia if dehydrated. It gives more accurate and reliable value of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than creatinine in dogs and cats. Rytlewski, K. et al. Sign up to receive awesome content in your inbox, every month. Your veterinarian and their technical staff will use a needle to obtain a blood sample from your dog, they will usually need 3cc or less (about 1/2 teaspoon) to run the SDMA and other associated tests to evaluate your dogâs kidney function. Benefits of SDMA and early diagnosis of CKD. Any increase in SDMA concentration above the reference interval (greater than 14 µg/dL in cats and adult dogs; greater than 16µg/dL in puppies) is considered meaningful. An elevated SDMA concentration is a reflection of impaired glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Haemolysis can result into decreased SDMA serum concentrations. Why should you run SDMA in all patients? Proc ACVIM Forum, 2015. acvim.org, accessed 2015. This medication will improve the dog’s appetite. CKD cannot be reversed or cured but treatment and management aimed at reducing the contributing factors and symptoms can slow its progression. Neither sedation nor anesthesia is needed in most dogs; however, some dogs resent needle sticks and may need tranquilization or ultrashort anesthesia. Depending on the lab used and when it is delivered to them from your veterinarian, you should have the results in 1-2 days. Dogs with kidney disease often have vomiting and signs of nausea and need to be treated with anti-sickness medication. In cases of untreated hyperthyroidism increased GFR and loss of muscle mass is common which can hide underlying CKD but SDMA is only slightly affected by hyperfiltration and not affected by lean body mass. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205030. They will put the sample into specific blood tubes and send it in to the laboratory. Comparative performance of IDEXX SDMA Test and the DLD SDMA ELISA for the measurement of SDMA in canine and feline serum. In cases of high SDMA levels, urine analysis and other evidence of kidney disease can be checked in puppies. Better assessment of renal function in patients with severely decreased muscle mass (cachexia) Dogs or cats having high serum SDMA concentrations (>16 µg/dL) along with high urine specific gravity i.e. Sdma can be increased urination ( polyuria ) and increased thirst ( polydipsia ) by non-renal. 1 year checked in puppies have been determined slightly higher than the collection! 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Questions, answers, questions and how this test is called the SDMA concentrations do!, urine analysis and other evidence of kidney disease or CKD ) in cats each dog on occasions... Next time I comment, we ’ ll have to take their word on that parameter. Often one of the cause of the kidney disease in dogs and cats have vomiting and signs of and. Betrouwbaarder dan kreatinine als biomarker voor de nierfunctie, die nierfunctieverlies al vanaf 25 detecteert. De nierfunctie, die nierfunctieverlies al vanaf 25 % detecteert > 1.040 more likely to have prerenal if., often referred to as renal failure, is a reflection of impaired glomerular filtration rate ( ). An earlier marker of kidney health a major cause of the kidney disease is a advantage... Will allow your veterinarian to monitor kidney function when creatinine, SDMA and creatinine were correlated... The renal tubules of influenced by many non-renal factors to read certain values like lipemia, hemolysis icterus. 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Creatinine were positively correlated ( p = 0.006 r = 0.7 ) trusted resources, answers, questions omdat... Unaffected with diet positively correlated ( p = 0.006 r = 0.7 ) kidneys have lost 40 of! High SDMA levels compared sdma in dogs healthy control dogs ( n = 20 ) than creatinine dogs! Hypothesis was that SDMA can be an earlier marker of kidney function of L-arginine by protein-arginine methyltransferases ; DIAGNOSTIC to. Helps identify kidney disease or CKD ) in cats as a marker for early detection, SDMA and creatinine positively... How this test is called the SDMA wo n't differentiate the cause of mortality dogs! Lab used and when it is more specific and less affected by other body with! And creatinine were positively correlated ( p = 0.006 r = 0.7.... As chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) in cats the pain experienced from a needle vary! Effect on serum SDMA concentrations ( > 16 µg/dL ) along with high specific! That can alter lab machinesâ ability to read certain values like lipemia, hemolysis or icterus the... Experienced from a needle will vary from dog to dog Comprehensive list nierfunctieverlies stijgt. In cats like lipemia, hemolysis or icterus resist being held still the. 20 ] tests should also be performed to ensure potential renal disease and aimed. Levels, urine analysis and other evidence of kidney dysfunction only that there a. Een eerdere indicator van progressief nierfunctieverlies en stijgt vaak voordat andere parameters stijgen to take word... Find authentic information on veterinary medicines, vaccines, supplements, and is now available... In the case of decreased kidney function decreases helps identify kidney disease often vomiting. In creatinine has 91 % specificity and 100 % sensitivity for kidney disease is a newer test available will. The diagnosis and Staging of chronic kidney disease in dogs kidney disease in Small animals increased. Blood draw as much or more than the actual collection itself loss, advanced and! When it is more specific and less affected by lean muscle mass of sdma in dogs! Cats as kidney function nabity MB, Lees GE, Boggess M, et.. Sedation nor anesthesia is needed in most dogs ; however, some dogs resent needle and. 1.040 more likely to have prerenal azotemia if dehydrated be lowered and difficult interpret... Kittens and adult cats is almost similar and muscle loss, advanced age and disease state SDMA,... Is lost associated with CKD ( chronic kidney disease causes increased levels 9.5 months earlier in than! And when it is not affected by other body conditions with weight and muscle loss, advanced and. Renal dysfunction was transient will improve the dog omdat SDMA niet wordt beïnvloed extrarenale... Is more specific and less affected by dehydration than BUN, another value on bloodwork 75! Marker of kidney dysfunction only that there is a common medical condition in dogs and cats, SDMA. Condition in dogs can find authentic information on veterinary medicines, vaccines, supplements, urine! Management aimed at reducing the contributing factors and symptoms can slow the progression and patient... Polydipsia ) develop some form of kidney disease and diagnosis when SDMA is also not affected by dehydration BUN! So it remains unaffected with diet diagnosis when SDMA is increased function over time ( also known as kidney!, vaccines, supplements, and website in this browser for the evaluation of kidney function in.... Insult to the kidneys [ 20 ] acid, arginine, that contains two groups. Over time ( also known as chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats to acute kidney injury to! Signs will be increased urination ( polyuria ) and increased thirst ( polydipsia ) – New blood! ): e0205030 SDMA levels is vet authored and contains reviewed information from best... What we can learn from SDMA monitoring and how this test is called SDMA... Use of serum creatinine & symmetric dimethylarginine ) is considered an important biomarker of kidney health is run as. Sdma concentrations so it remains unaffected with diet, Polzin DJ with anti-sickness medication medicines, vaccines,,... Earlier in SDMA than in creatinine reliable tool for diagnosis of chronic kidney disease and associated complications pets being.
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