Spatial correlation of the surface ruptures and aftershock distribution on the ATTL suggests that the Kobe earthquake was the result of a 40-km long rupture of the central segment of the ATTL. The earthquake aftershocks were distributed over a 40-km long zone along the central segment of the line. The worst effected area was in the … Evidence of liquefaction and flowage, probably associated with the 1596 M 7.5 Keicho-Fushimi earthquake, has been identified at several archaeological excavation sites along the ATTL. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. The seismic fault of the Kobe earth- quake runs approximately from the Nojima Fault through Suma, Suwayama, and Gosukebashi Faults to the Arima-Takatsuki tec- tonic line (see Figure 1). The disaster struck the city of Kobe and surrounding areas with a magnitude of 7.2. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. It lasted for 20 seconds and had a magnitude of Mw6.8 on Moment Magnitude Scale. The Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu) earthquake (M = 7.2) occurred on January 17, 1995 (5:46 a.m. Japan local time) in the southwestern part of Japan (Fig. The ATTL is also correlated to lineaments linking the saddles and steep slopes of gravity (Bouguer) anomalies. The moment-release rate averaged over the late Quaternary has been evaluated through the average slip rates and the dimensions of constituent faults. It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale ( USGS ), [1] and Mj7.3 (adjusted from 7.2) on the JMA magnitude scale. The Event This year, January 17, five forty-six, Tuesday morning: the earth shook for 13 seconds as the Nojima fault slipped 2.5 meters, destroying weak buildings, killing 5300 men, women, and children, and disabling Japan’s major container terminal at Kobe. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. The duration was about 20 seconds. In this aerial image, Kobe city is in blaze after the strong earthquake on January 17, 1995 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. The earthquake was officially named the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake, but it is better known as the 1995 Kobe earthquake worldwide. The Kobe earthquake, with a magnitude of MjM A = 7.2 and M W- 6.9, was the most destructive earthquake in Japan since the Kanto earthquake in 1923. 1995 Kobe earthquake is also known as the Great Hanshin Earthquake. The earthquake that hit Kobe during the winter of 1995 measured a massive 7.2 on the Richter scale (or 6.9 on the more current Moment magnitude scale). The red star denotes the main shock epicentre of the 1995 Kobe earthquake. Spatial correlation of the surface ruptures and aftershock distribution on the ATTL suggests that the Kobe earthquake was the result of a 40-km long rupture of the central segment of the ATTL. This earthquake substantially damaged the city of Kobe and its surrounding areas claiming more than 6,000 lives (Kikuchi and Kanamori 1996). The 1995 Kobe Earthquake is the costliest and deadliest earthquake disaster in the 20th century where it left the city looking like a war zone, but spared life for others. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. Trouvez les 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake images et les photos d’actualités parfaites sur Getty Images. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. The focus of the earthquake was less than 20 km below Awaji-shima, an island in the Japan Inland Sea. The 1995 7.2 magnitude Kobe earthquake and the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line: implications of the seismic risk for central Japan. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. The tremors lasted for approximately 20 seconds. It was Tuesday, and most of the people were still deep asleep after a three-day long holiday. The focuso… This earthquake is also called by the following names: Kobe, South Hyogo, Hyogo-ken Nanbu. Kobe is a heavily populated urban area. The obtained value amounts to that of the seismic moment released by an earthquake having a magnitude ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, being comparable to that of the Kobe earthquake. The average rate of seismic moment-release is an important parameter used in evaluating the seismic risk of a fault system. The average rate of seismic moment-release is an important parameter used in evaluating the seismic risk of a fault system. On January 17, 1995 an earthquake measuring at 7.3 on the Richter magnitude scale occurred at 05:46 am JST near the city. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. Many of the city’s residents had been unaware of the chances of an earthquake … The Kobe earthquake was assigned a magnitude of 7.2 by the Japan . The Kobe (Hyogo-ken Nanbu), Japan, Earthquake of January 16, 1995 A report of preliminary observations prepared by Hiroo Kanamori California Institute of Technology T he Kobe earthquake of January 16, 1995, is one of the most damaging earthquakes in the recent history of Japan. The average moment-release rate for the central portion of the ATTL has been estimated as 0.0017−0.0063 × 1026 dyne cm year−1. Copyright © 1996 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(96)00056-7. The Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake was not only powerful ( magnitude 6.9 ), but with the epicentre only 20km southwest of the city, it resulted in massive damage to property and loss of life. The obtained result is consistent with the view that the Kobe earthquake was caused by a rupture of the ATTL which released almost all the moment accumulated since the previous event. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. The moment-release rate averaged over the late Quaternary has been evaluated through the average slip rates and the dimensions of constituent faults. Copyright © 1996 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(96)00056-7. The ATTL is also correlated to lineaments linking the saddles and steep slopes of gravity (Bouguer) anomalies. Meteorologica l Agency (JMA) and its epicentre w as located approximately 20 km . Date: January 17, 1995 Time of Event: 5:46:58a.m. The mainshock had a strike-slip … Limited to a timeframe with enough data, this gives a rough estimate of its frequency per century. The average moment-release rate for the central portion of the ATTL has been estimated as 0.0017−0.0063 × 1026 dyne cm year−1. In this aerial image, black smoke from Kobe city covers Kobe bay after the strong earthquake on January 17, 1995 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. Along the Rokko Mountains and Awaji Island, NE-SW to ENE-WSW oriented active faults exist in an en echelon arrangement. Seismic tomography revealed a low seismic velocity (−5%) and high Poisson's ratio (+6%) anomaly covering about 300 square kilometers at the hypocenter of the 17 January 1995, magnitude 7.2, Kobe earthquake in Japan. The earthquake hit at 5:46 am on Tuesday, Jan. 17, 1995, in the southern part of Hyōgo prefecture, west-central Honshu. The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Surface ruptures and cracks accompanying the Kobe earthquake were scattered along a 40-km segment centrally located on the ATTL. Fig. GROUNDWATER beneath the city of Kobe may have given out several warning signals prior to the devastating earthquake of 17 January, according to Japanese researchers We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. 1 Kobe … We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The Kobe earthquake has a strike-slip focal mechanism with From the elapsed time since the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake and the average moment-release rate, the seismic moment accumulated during the interseismic period was calculated for the ATTL. From the elapsed time since the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake and the average moment-release rate, the seismic moment accumulated during the interseismic period was calculated for the ATTL. January 17th marks the day of The Great Hanshin earthquake. SINGAPORE, APRIL 1995 THE 1995 KOBE EARTHQUAKE Michael A. Jordan, SE Chief Executive Officer Liftech Consultants Inc. It lasted about 20 seconds and registered as a magnitude 6.9 (7.3 on the Richter scale). This devastating earthquake occurred on January 17, 1995 in the Southern part of Hyogo Prefecture. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. (The timeframe does not include outlying events like the earlier 1361 Shōhei earthquake and 869 Sanriku earthquake, both estimated to have magnitude ≥ 8.5.) Earthquake Kobe Japan 1995. This earth quake had a terrible short term as well as long term affects. The Great Hanshin earthquake (阪神・淡路大震災, Hanshin Awaji daishinsai), or Kobe earthquake, occurred on January 17, 1995 at 05:46:53 JST (January 16 at 20:46:53 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, including the region known as Hanshin. The red squares show the 20 events, which are used in spectral analysis to construct the relation between the dominant frequency and earthquake magnitude. Distribution of the 2813 aftershocks (black crosses) of the 1995 Kobe earthquake and the 3140 other local earthquakes (blue squares) that occurred during 1995–2010. They constitute a portion of the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line (ATTL) which extends from Kyoto, through Awaji Island, to the Median Tectonic Line. [2] It measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum intensity of 7 on the JMA Seismic Intensity Scale (X on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale). The quake had a moment magnitude of 6.9 and cost more than $100 billion in damage. The earthquake had a local magnitude of 7.2. Evidence of liquefaction and flowage, probably associated with the 1596 M 7.5 Keicho-Fushimi earthquake, has been identified at several archaeological excavation sites along the ATTL. The earthquake aftershocks were distributed over a 40-km long zone along the central segment of the line. Fire breaks out from the destroyed houses after the strong earthquake on January 17, 1995 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. The Kobe government spent years construct ing new facilities to attract back the 50,000 people who left after the quake. The January 17, 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake of magnitude 7.2 in JMA scale (Mw = 6.9), which struck Kobe, Japan and its surrounding area was the most severe earthquake to affect that region this century. Surface ruptures and cracks accompanying the Kobe earthquake were scattered along a 40-km segment centrally located on the ATTL. Component: 90 PGA (cm/s/s):-493.03 PGV (cm/s):- Add this to bin: Component: 0 PGA (cm/s/s):-499.49 PGV (cm/s):- Add this to bin: Component: Up PGA (cm/s/s): 363.56 PGV (cm/s):- Add this to … ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. At 5.46am on January 17th 1995, whilst many of its citizens were still asleep, the Japanese city of Kobe was hit by largest earthquake in Japan since 1923. These observations suggest that the ATTL was also responsible for the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred about 400 years ago. July 24, 2019 June 26, 2020 admin Business. The Kobe, or Great Hanshin, earthquake struck in the pre-dawn hours of January 17, 1995, with a magnitude of 7.3 near the city of Kobe, about 350 km (210 miles) southwest of Tokyo. Case studies of earthquakes Kobe, Japan, 1995 (MEDC) On 17th January 1995, an earthquake struck Kobe, a heavily populated urban area in Japan. It is the most damaging earthquake to have struck Japan since the great Kanto earthquake in 1923. Such was its intensity that even the sensors on the other side of the world picked it. The earthquake resulted in … South-West of the Kobe … The Kobe earthquake, also referred to as the Great Hanshin earthquake, was a 7.3-magnitude earthquake that rocked the Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan on the dawn of January 17, 1995. It is here that disaster struck in 1995 when an earthquake of magnitude 7.2 hit the area. The obtained result is consistent with the view that the Kobe earthquake was caused by a rupture of the ATTL which released almost all the moment accumulated since the previous event. The Great Hanshin earthquake, or Kobe earthquake, occurred on Tuesday, January 17, 1995 at 05:46 JST (January 16 at 20:46 UTC) in the southern part of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. At this plate margin, the Pacific plate is being pushed under the Eurasian plate, stresses build up and when they are released the Earth shakes. It measured 7.4 … Along the Rokko Mountains and Awaji Island, NE-SW to ENE-WSW oriented active faults exist in an en echelon arrangement. These observations suggest that the ATTL was also responsible for the Keicho-Fushimi earthquake which occurred about 400 years ago. "Buildings were toppled, houses were in … It was a major disaster in a MEDC where the modern buildings had been earthquake proofed. Choisissez parmi des contenus premium 1995 Great Hanshin Earthquake de la … The obtained value amounts to that of the seismic moment released by an earthquake having a magnitude ranging from 6.8 to 7.2, being comparable to that of the Kobe earthquake. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. The Kobe earthquake of 1995 Essay. The 1995 7.2 magnitude Kobe earthquake and the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line: implications of the seismic risk for central Japan. As a result, over six-thousand people lost their lives. This anomaly may be due to an overpressurized, fluid-filled, fractured rock matrix that contributed to the initiation of the Kobe earthquake. Shimazaki(1995) pointed out that Mj estimated by Takemura's equation had good agreement with the inland fault-length magnitude(ML) proposed by Matsuda(1990). The main shock also created a 9-km long rupture on the ground surface along the NE-SW Nojima fault line in the northern part of Awaji Island. The main shock of the 1995 magnitude 7.2 (M 7.2) Kobe earthquake was located at the mid-point of the ATTL. This earthquake is also called "The Hyogo-ken 15 July 1995 By Peter Hadfield. RUPTURE DIRECTIVITY EFFECT The rupture directivity effect was examined based on the PHGA records during the Kobe Earthquake in the areas shown in Figure 2 . They constitute a portion of the Arima-Takatsuki tectonic line (ATTL) which extends from Kyoto, through Awaji Island, to the Median Tectonic Line. 1 a). The January 17, 1995, magnitude (M) 7.2, Kobe (Hyogo-Ken Nanbu) earthquake wrote a new chapter in the active seismotectonics of the Japan subduction zone. 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