It wa s also decided to disregard articles which focused solely on immediate impacts of flooding such as mortality, diarrhoeal diseases etc. to acute and chronic health effects health effects of exposure to envi cancer are suspected but not yet . Quite apart from the possible loss of life and health outcomes, susceptibility to flooding and the location of the flood event. For instance, the impact of floods on maternal and child health (MCH) and child nutrition needs to be better understood (Goudet et al., 2011). The health and social impact of moving persons and infrastructure out of “harm’s way” has not yet been measured. impacts on public health, and indirectly lead to a decrease of socio-economic welfare. Box 1 — Concept of resilience (CARRI, 2013) In the working paper “health effects of floods”, which is included in the appendix, an overview of the various types of health effects has been given and information from the health effects occurring during or after flood events has been summarized. 1 Introduction The impact of flooding on the physical and mental health and wellbeing of communities can endure long after the loss and damage due to direct contact with floodwater is repaired. Psychosocial impacts of recurrent flooding •Little research •But a paper published in 2013 reports research on seasonal floods in India & showed: •A large negative impact of recurrent floods on health, & psychological & physical functioning •But initial psychosocial & mental health impacts do not predict functioning I would like to draw special attention to the section about the variance in the health impacts on communities. Studies were eliminated that did not focus on the health impacts of flood events or secondary stressors of flood events. A Prototype Training Workshop for City Officials Heat waves, floods and tHe HealtH impacts of climate cHange 1 Contents contents overview 2 session 1: An overview of climate change and human health: risks and responses 5 session 2: Health situation in cities 13 session 3: Weather, climate, and climate change 17 session 4: Health impacts of climate extremes 25 Floods are the most frequent natural disaster and can have widespread social and health impacts. from exposures to extreme heat ronmental hazards ranging from . This paper through critical review of literature considered the long-term impact of floods on human's health as the effects could meaningfully contribute to the worldwide burden of disease. The value of personal visits by EHOs was noted. and cold and to hazards related to chemical pollutants to natural, natural (e.g., earthquakes, floods, EHHE defines environmental pub-technologic, or terrorist disasters. The flood recorded severe fatalities, injuries and exposed many vulnerable to diseases. Public-health management should, therefore, be considered within the broader context of flood resilience (see Box 1), given that flood-adaptation and mitigation measures that increase flood resilience have greater capacity to protect and improve health outcomes. Keywords: flood memory, PTSD, Anxiety, frequent flooding, flood impact, mental health, flood recovery. The specific objectives were as follows:1. to summarize and critically appraise evidence of published studies, covering flood events in all regions of the world, and 2. to identify knowledge gaps relevant to the reduction of public health impacts. CONCLUSION. Carlisle in northwest England suffered its worse floods for more than 180 years in 2005. These effects can be acute but may present only weeks to months after the flood. environment. The authors have done well in men- proven. The article “Health Impacts of Floods” published in Volume 25, Number 3 of Prehospital and Disaster Medicine is a commendable effort in identifying the health impacts during floods and their causes. The health survey showed significant impact on people's psychological health and an increase in selfreported symptoms including earache, skin rashes and gastrointestinal upsets.More effective methods of flood warning, dedicated plans and pro-active response to public health concerns were highlighted. The indirect impacts of floods on human health require further investigation. In this paper, we review the epidemiologic evidence of floodrelated health impacts. 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